1. Ana Photometric: Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka nalu hoʻāʻo hoʻokahi kikoʻī a me ke ʻano hoʻāʻo āu e pono ai i loko o ka laulā o 320-1100nm e hoʻoholo ai i ka absorbance a i ʻole transmittance o ka hāpana.Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu pololei i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hāpana ma ke komo ʻana i ka ʻike maʻamau a i ʻole ka helu kumu.
2. Ana nui: E ana i ka hāpana hāpana o ka ʻike ʻike ʻole ʻia ma o ka pihi o nā mea hoʻohālikelike i ʻike ʻia a i ʻole e hoʻokumu ʻokoʻa i ka pihi hoʻonā maʻamau;me ka papa mua, ka papa mua zero-crossing, ka papa lua, a me ke kolu o ka hooponopono ana i ka hawewe, a me ka hoopololei ana i ka nalu hookahi, ka hooponopono isoabsorption lua o ka Wavelongth, ke koho koho;hiki ke mālama a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka pihi maʻamau;
3. Ana kūpono: E hoʻonoho i ka laulā hawewe a me ka wā scan, a laila e ana i ka absorbance, transmittance, reflectance a me ka ikehu o nā mea paʻa a i ʻole wai i nā manawa.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui, ʻoluʻolu, kānana, ʻike, mālama, paʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka spectrum i ana ʻia;
4. Ana manawa: Ua kapa ʻia ke ana manawa he ana kinetic.Nānā ʻia ka laʻana ma nā manawa o ka manawa o ka absorbance a i ʻole transmittance e like me ke kiko hawewe i hoʻonohonoho ʻia.Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka absorbance i ka helu ʻana a i ʻole ka helu helu ʻana ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kumu hoʻohālikelike.
Ka helu helu ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka hopena kinetic enzyme.Loaʻa nā ʻano hana hana palapala ʻāina e like me ka scaling, smoothing, filtering, peak and Valley detection, a me derivation no kāu koho;
5. Ana ka lōʻihi hawewe: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i nā helu hawewe 30 e ana i ka absorbance a i ʻole transmittance o ka hāpana hāpana.
6. Auxiliary hana: ka cumulative manawa o tungsten kukui kukui, deuterium kukui, tungsten kukui kūʻokoʻa huli aku a ma luna o, UV a me ka ikeia kukui hoololi hawewe kiko koho, hana 'ōlelo koho (Pina, English), wavelength calibration aunoa.
